टीकाकरण पोर्टल : राज्य स्वास्थ्य समिति, बिहार

टीकाकरण और इसका महत्व

टीकाकरण वह प्रक्रिया है जिससे किसी व्यक्ति को आमतौर पर टीका (वैक्सीन) दिए जाने के पश्चात उस बिमारी के सक्रमण के खिलाफ प्रतिरक्षित या प्रतिरोधी बना दिया जाता है। टीका उस सक्रमण या बीमारी के खिलाफ व्यक्ति की प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली को बेहतर करती है एव व्यक्ति को सुरक्षा प्रदान करती है। टीकाकरण खतरनाक सक्रामक बीमारियों के नियत्रंण और उन्मूलन करने के लिए एक उपयुक्त तरीका है और अनुमान है कि यह प्रति वर्ष इन बीमारियों से होनेवाले 20 से 30 लाख मौतों को रोकता है। यह सबसे अधिक किफायती स्वास्थ्य निवेशों में से एक है एव अब तक उपयोग में लाई गई रणनीति के द्वारा इसकी पहुचँ अब दुर्गम एवं अंति सवेदनशील आबादी में भी है।

About Us

Immunization is essential for a disease-free life. It saves lives of around three million children every year globally, and spares millions of families from the economic burden caused by infectious diseases. Immunization has proved to be the primary cause in achieving millennium Development Goals. Experts believe that immunization is crucial to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal. Thus, an Impetus to Routine Immunization program(RI) under public health scheme is imperative.

The eradication of small pox by 1980 was a milestone. Not resting on its laurels would be shutting an eye to other disease threatening us. The World Health Assembly, therefore, decided in 1988 to make preventive approaches in public health the top most priority. The Expanded Program of immunization, launched ten years earlier, was thus given a thrust.

Public Health in Bihar was a big challenge in terms of infrastructure, inadequacy of trained personnel and the sheer diversity and spread of difficult terrain. Immunization was low. The state, in 1985, had the highest number of vulnerable children. By 1998-99, merely 11% of children in the 12 to 23 months age group were recorded to have been fully immunized as per the National Family Health Survey.

Beneficiary

गर्भवती महिलाओं का टीकाकरण

टी. डी.-1
गर्भ की आरंभिक अवस्था में

टी. डी.-2
टी. डी.-1 के 1 महीने के बाद

टी. डी. बुस्टर
अगर पहली गर्भवस्था मे टी. डी. -1 एवं टी. डी. -2 ले लिया हो एवं दूसरी गर्भवस्था 3 साल के अंदर हो।

बच्चों का टीकाकरण

जन्म के समय
BCG टीo बी o से बचाता है
OPV पोलियो से बचाता है
HEP B हैपेटाटिस बी से बचाता है

महीना
OPV 1 पोलियो से बचाता है
PENTA 1 5 जानलेवा बीमारियों से बचाता है
PCV 1 निमोनिया से बचाता है
FIPV 1 पोलियो और दिमागी बीमारियों से बचाता है
Rota 1** डायरिया से बचाता है

महीना
OPV 2 पोलियो से बचाता है
PENTA 2 5 जानलेवा बीमारियों से बचाता है
Rota 2** डायरिया से बचाता है

महीना
OPV 3 पोलियो से बचाता है
PENTA 3 5 जानलेवा बीमारियों से बचाता है
FIPV 2 पोलियो और दिमागी बीमारियों से बचाता है
PCV 2 निमोनिया से बचाता है
Rota 3** डायरिया से बचाता है

9 महीना
MR 1 खसरा और गले की सूजन से बचाता है
JE 1 जापानी मस्तिष्क बुखार से बचाता है
PCV Booster निमोनिया से बचाता है
Vitamin A

साल
MR 2 खसरा और गले की सूजन से बचाता है
JE 2*** जापानी मस्तिष्क बुखार से बचाता है
OPV Booster पोलियो से बचाता है
DPT 1 Booster डिप्थीरिया, काली खांसी और टेटनस से बचाता है
Vitamin A

5 साल
DPT 2 Booster डिप्थीरिया, काली खांसी और टेटनस से बचाता है

किशोरों का टीकाकरण

10 साल
टी. डी. Td vaccine is administered to adolescents

16 साल
टी. डी. Td vaccine is administered to adolescents

Services at Birth

जन्म के 24 घंटे के अंदर बच्चों को दिया जाने बाला टीका

बी. सी. जी.

यह टीका बच्चों को जन्म के तुरंत बाद या 1 वर्ष के अंदर जल्द से जल्द दिया जाता है। जो बच्चों को टी. बी. से बचाता हैं।

ओ. पी. भी.- 0 (पोलियो)

यह टीका बच्चों को जन्म से 15 दिनों के अंदर दिया जाता है। जो बच्चों को पोलियो से बचाता हैं।

हेपेटाईटिस 'बी'.

यह टीका बच्चों को जन्म से 24 घंटे के अंदर दिया जाता है। जो बच्चों को हेपेटाईटिस 'बी' से बचाता हैं।

Cold chain Network

Monthly Session RI

Targeted Benificary (Child + PW)

MIC (Modal Immunization Centre/Corner)

Vaccines In Bihar

Tetanus and adult diphtheria (Td) Vaccine

About - TT vaccine has been replaced with Td vaccine in UIP to limit the waning immunity against diphtheria in older age groups.

When to give - Td vaccine is administered to adolescents at 10 and 16 years of age and to pregnant women.

Pregnant women - Td-1 is given early in pregnancy as first dose and 4 weeks after Td1, second dose of Td as Td-2 is given. Td- Booster is given, if pregnant woman has received 2 TT/Td doses in a pregnancy within the last 3 years.* Intra-muscular Upper Arm

Route and site - Td is given as intramuscular injection in upper arm.

BCG

About - BCG stands for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine. It is given to infants to protect them from tubercular meningitis and disseminated TB.

When to give – BCG vaccine is given at birth or as early as possible till 1year of

Route and site – BCG is given as intradermal injection in left upper arm.

OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine)

About - OPV stands for Oral Polio Vaccine. It protects children from poliomylitis.

When to give - OPV is given at birth called zero dose and three doses are given at 6, 10 and 14 weeks. A booster dose is given at 16-24 months of age.

Route and site - OPV is given orally in the form of two drops.

Hepatitis-'B' Vaccine

About – Hepatitis B vaccine protects from Hepatitis B virus infection.

When to give - Hepatitis B vaccine is given at birth or as early as possible within 24 hours. Subsequently 3 dose are given at 6, 10 and 14 weeks in combination with DPT and Hib in the form of pentavalent vaccine.

Route and site - Intramuscular injection is given at anterolateral side of mid thigh.

Pentavalent Vaccine

About - Pentavalent vaccine is a combined vaccine to protect children from five diseases Diptheria, Tetanus, Pertusis, Haemophilis influenza type b infection and Hepatitis B.

When to give - Three doses are given at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age (can be given till one year of age).

Route and site - Pentavalent vaccine is given intramuscularly on anterolateral side of mid thigh

IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine)

About - IPV stands for Inactivated Polio Vaccine. It is used to boost the protection against poliomylitis.

When to give - Two fractional doses of IPV are given intradermally at 6 and 14 weeks of age

Route and site - It is given as intradermal injection at right upper arm.

PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine)

About - PCV stands for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine. It protects infants and young children against disease caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae.

When to give - The vaccine is given as two primary doses at 6 & 14 weeks of age followed by a booster dose at 9-12 months of age

Route and site - PCV is given as intramuscular (IM) injection in antero-lateral side of mid- thigh. It should be noted that pentavalent vaccine and PCV are given as two separate injections into opposite thighs.

RVV (Rotavirus Vaccine)

About - RVV stands for Rotavirus vaccine. It gives protection to infants and children against rotavirus diarrhoea. It is given in select states.

When to give - Three doses of vaccine are given at 6, 10, 14 weeks of age (can be given upto one year of age).

Route and site - 5 drops of liquid vaccine or 2.5 ml (lyophilized vaccine) are given orally.

Measles / MR Vaccine

About - Measles vaccine is used to protect children from measles. In few states Measles and Rubella a combined vaccine is given to protect from Measles and Rubella infection.

When to give - First dose of Measles or MR vaccine is given at 9 completed months to12 months (vaccine can be given up to 5 years if not given at 9-12 months age) and second dose is given at 16-24 months.

Route and site - Measles Vaccine is given as subcutaneous injection in right upper arm.

Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccine

About - JE stands for Japanese encephalitis vaccine. It gives protection against Japanese Encephalitis disease. JE vaccine is given in select districts endemic for JE after the campaign.

When to give - JE vaccine is given in two doses first dose is given at 9 completed months-12 months of age and second dose at 16-24 months of age.

Route and site - Live attenuated vaccine is given as subcutaneous injection in left upper arm and killed vaccine is given as intramuscular injection in anterolateral aspect of mid- thigh.

Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis (DPT) booster

About - DPT is a combined vaccine; it protects children from Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis.

When to give - DPT vaccine is given at 16-24 months of age is called as DPT first booster and DPT 2nd booster is given at 5-6 years of age.

Route and site - DPT first booster is given as intramuscular injection in antero-lateral side of mid-thigh in left leg. DPT second booster is given as intramuscular injection in left upper arm.